What Is Radiofrequency Ablation Therapy ?

Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive medical procedure used to manage chronic pain by disrupting nerve signals responsible for transmitting pain to the brain. It is commonly recommended when conservative treatments—such as medications, physical therapy, or injections—fail to provide lasting relief.

How Does Radiofrequency Ablation Work?

The procedure involves using a specialized needle that delivers radiofrequency energy (heat) to targeted nerve tissues. This thermal energy creates a lesion on the nerve, effectively interrupting its ability to send pain signals. The treatment is performed under fluoroscopic (X-ray) guidance to ensure precise needle placement near the pain-causing nerve.

RFA is typically conducted on an outpatient basis and takes about 30–60 minutes, depending on the area being treated. A local anesthetic and sometimes mild sedation are used to minimize discomfort during the procedure.

Radiofrequency Ablation is most often used to treat chronic back pain, neck pain, joint pain (such as knee or hip), and neuropathic pain syndromes. It is particularly effective for patients with arthritis-related pain or spinal facet joint pain who have had positive results from diagnostic nerve blocks.

The effects of RFA are not permanent, but many patients experience significant pain relief lasting from 6 months up to 2 years, depending on the individual and condition. The nerve may eventually regenerate, and in some cases, the procedure may be repeated.

As a targeted, low-risk intervention, Radiofrequency Ablation provides a valuable alternative to long-term medication use or surgery, helping patients regain mobility, improve quality of life, and reduce reliance on pain medications.